Technical Standards
RFCs, internationalized domain names (IDN), Punycode, RDAP, and related standards.
RDAP (Giao thức truy cập dữ liệu đăng ký)
Modern, structured replacement for WHOIS using JSON over HTTPS.
EPP (Giao thức cung cấp mở rộng)
Protocol for registrar-registry communication to manage domains.
IDN (Tên miền quốc tế hóa)
Domain name containing non-ASCII characters from various writing systems.
Punycode
ASCII encoding for internationalized domain names (xn-- prefix).
TTL (Thời gian tồn tại)
DNS record value specifying cache duration in seconds.
Anycast DNS
Network method routing DNS queries to the nearest of multiple servers.
DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH)
Protocol encrypting DNS queries over HTTPS for privacy.
DNS-over-TLS (DoT)
Protocol encrypting DNS queries over TLS on port 853.
Ký Gửi Dữ Liệu
ICANN-required backup of registration data with a trusted third party.
Lan Truyền DNS
Time for DNS changes to spread across all resolvers worldwide.
Bản Ghi DNS Ký Tự Đại Diện
DNS record using * to match all undefined subdomains.
Bản Ghi Glue
A/AAAA record in parent zone preventing circular nameserver dependencies.
RFC (Yêu cầu Bình luận)
IETF formal document defining internet protocols and standards.
IDNA (Tên miền Quốc tế hóa trong Ứng dụng)
Technical framework governing how international characters are validated and encoded in domain names.
Giao thức WHOIS
Plain-text domain lookup protocol on TCP port 43, being replaced by RDAP.
DNS-over-QUIC (DoQ)
DNS encryption over QUIC (UDP port 853), offering lower latency than DoH or DoT.
ECS (Mạng con máy khách EDNS)
DNS extension sharing partial client IP with authoritative servers for geolocation-based responses.
TSIG (Chữ ký giao dịch)
Shared-secret HMAC mechanism authenticating DNS messages between servers.
AXFR / IXFR (Truyền Zone)
Protocol for replicating DNS zone data from primary to secondary nameservers.
NSEC / NSEC3 (Từ chối tồn tại trong DNSSEC)
DNSSEC record types cryptographically proving a domain name does not exist.
Bản ghi DNSKEY
DNS record holding the public key used to verify DNSSEC signatures in a zone.
Bản ghi RRSIG
Cryptographic signature record attached to DNS record sets for DNSSEC validation.