TLD Types & Classification
How top-level domains are categorized: gTLDs, ccTLDs, sTLDs, and the new gTLD program.
TLD (Üst Düzey Alan Adı)
The last segment of a domain name (e.g., .com, .org, .uk).
gTLD (Genel Üst Düzey Alan Adı)
Top-level domain with 3+ characters not tied to a specific country.
ccTLD (Ülke Kodu Üst Düzey Alan Adı)
Two-letter TLD assigned to a specific country or territory.
Yeni gTLD (Yeni Genel Üst Düzey Alan Adı)
Generic top-level domains introduced through ICANN's 2012+ New gTLD Program.
Eski TLD (Legacy TLD)
Original gTLDs (.com, .net, .org) that predate the New gTLD Program.
sTLD (Sponsorlu Üst Düzey Alan Adı)
Specialized TLD with eligibility requirements, managed by a sponsoring organization.
Marka TLD (.brand)
New gTLD using a company's brand name, operated exclusively by that company.
Coğrafi TLD (GeoTLD)
New gTLD representing a geographic region (city, state, or territory).
IDN TLD (Uluslararasılaştırılmış Alan Adı TLD'si)
TLD written in non-Latin scripts (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, etc.).
SLD (İkinci Düzey Alan Adı)
The part of a domain name directly left of the TLD (e.g., 'example' in example.com).
FQDN (Tam Nitelikli Alan Adı)
Complete domain name with all labels from host to TLD (e.g., www.example.com.).
Kısıtlı TLD
TLD that limits registration to eligible organizations or individuals.
Altyapı TLD (.arpa)
Special-purpose TLD (.arpa) reserved exclusively for DNS infrastructure and protocol use.
Ayrılmış Test TLD'leri
IANA-reserved TLDs (.test, .example, .invalid, .localhost) guaranteed never to resolve in the public DNS.
TLD Operatörü (Kayıt Defteri Operatörü)
Entity authorized by ICANN to administer all domain registrations within a specific TLD.
Devredilmiş TLD
TLD formally added to the DNS root zone by IANA and resolvable on the public internet.
ASCII TLD
TLD composed entirely of ASCII characters, natively compatible with all DNS software without encoding.
Açık TLD
TLD with unrestricted registration policies open to any person or entity worldwide.
Topluluk TLD'si
TLD designed to serve a specific community of interest with eligibility restrictions and community-aligned policies.
Genel Kısıtlı TLD
Legacy gTLDs (.biz, .name, .pro) intended for specific uses but with limited enforcement of registration restrictions.
TLD Dizisi
The proposed character sequence for a new TLD, evaluated by ICANN for similarity, geography, and conflicts.
Marka TLD'si (.brand)
Company-operated new gTLD using a brand name as the extension, unavailable for public registration.