DNS & Infrastructure
DNS resolution, record types, nameservers, and the protocols that power domain name lookups.
DNS (система доменных имён)
Hierarchical naming system that translates domain names into IP addresses.
Сервер имён (Nameserver)
Server that stores DNS records and responds to DNS queries for a domain zone.
A-запись
DNS record mapping a domain name to an IPv4 address.
AAAA-запись
DNS record mapping a domain name to an IPv6 address.
CNAME-запись
DNS record that creates an alias from one domain name to another canonical name.
MX-запись
DNS record specifying the mail server responsible for receiving email for a domain.
TXT-запись
DNS record holding arbitrary text data, commonly used for email authentication and domain verification.
NS-запись
DNS record that delegates a DNS zone to an authoritative nameserver.
DNS-резолвер
Software or service that performs recursive DNS lookups on behalf of clients.
DNS-кэш (TTL)
Temporary storage of DNS query results with a Time-To-Live expiration.
Авторитетный DNS-сервер
Server that holds the original DNS records for a zone and provides definitive answers.
Файл DNS-зоны
Text file describing a DNS zone with records for all domains in that zone.
SOA-запись
Start of Authority record containing administrative information about a DNS zone.
Поддомен
Domain that is part of a larger domain, created by prepending a label (e.g., blog.example.com).
IP-адрес
Numerical label (IPv4 or IPv6) assigned to each device connected to a computer network.
Рекурсивный DNS-резолвер
Server that performs the full DNS resolution chain on behalf of clients and caches results.
Корневой DNS-сервер
Top-level nameservers that direct resolvers to the correct TLD nameservers.
DNS-зона
Administrative partition of the DNS namespace managed by a single authoritative authority.
PTR-запись (обратный DNS)
DNS record that maps an IP address back to a hostname for reverse DNS lookups.
DNS-делегирование
Transfer of DNS authority for a child zone to designated nameservers via NS records.
DNS Round Robin
Load-balancing technique using multiple IP addresses on a single hostname to distribute traffic.
DNS-синкхол
DNS configuration that redirects malicious domains to a controlled IP to block or analyze threats.
EDNS (расширения DNS)
RFC 6891 extension to the DNS protocol enabling larger messages, DNSSEC, and new option codes.
DNS-атака с усилением
DDoS technique exploiting open DNS resolvers to flood a victim with amplified response traffic.
Негативное кэширование (NXDOMAIN)
Caching of NXDOMAIN and NODATA DNS responses to prevent repeated queries for non-existent names.