ICANN & Governance
ICANN structure, policies, dispute resolution, and internet governance frameworks.
ICANN
Non-profit organization coordinating global DNS, IP addresses, and TLD delegation.
IANA
ICANN function managing the DNS root zone, IP allocation, and protocol parameters.
注册局运营商
Organization maintaining the authoritative database of domains for a TLD.
注册局协议
Contract between ICANN and a registry operator for TLD operation terms.
RAA（注册商认证协议）
Contract between ICANN and a registrar defining domain sales terms.
UDRP（统一域名争议解决政策）
ICANN policy for resolving trademark-related domain name disputes.
DNS根区
Highest level of DNS containing records for all TLDs, served by 13 root servers.
日出期
Pre-launch registration phase where trademark holders can claim domains first.
GDPR 与域名隐私
EU regulation that caused WHOIS data redaction for domain registrant privacy.
域名争议
Legal conflict over domain name rights, resolvable via UDRP or courts.
GNSO（通用名称支持组织）
ICANN body that develops policy recommendations for generic top-level domains.
ccNSO（国家代码名称支持组织）
ICANN supporting organization representing ccTLD managers and developing shared ccTLD policies.
At-Large（ICANN At-Large 社区）
ICANN community representing individual internet users across five world regions.
GAC（政府咨询委员会）
ICANN advisory body of national governments whose consensus advice carries special weight.
URS（统一快速暂停程序）
Fast, low-cost trademark dispute mechanism that suspends domains without transferring ownership.
TMCH（商标信息交换所）
ICANN-mandated centralized database granting trademark holders priority and notification rights in new gTLDs.
PTI（公共技术标识符机构）
ICANN affiliate that performs IANA functions including root zone management and IP allocation coordination.
共识政策
GNSO-developed policy binding on all ICANN-accredited registrars and registries after Board adoption.
注册局与注册商分离
ICANN rule preventing a TLD registry operator from also being a registrar for the same TLD.
新gTLD计划
ICANN initiative that launched 1,200+ new gTLD extensions starting from the 2012 application round.