Technical Standards
RFCs, internationalized domain names (IDN), Punycode, RDAP, and related standards.
RDAP (पंजीकरण डेटा एक्सेस प्रोटोकॉल)
Modern, structured replacement for WHOIS using JSON over HTTPS.
EPP (एक्स्टेंसिबल प्रोविजनिंग प्रोटोकॉल)
Protocol for registrar-registry communication to manage domains.
IDN (अंतर्राष्ट्रीयकृत डोमेन नाम)
Domain name containing non-ASCII characters from various writing systems.
पुनीकोड
ASCII encoding for internationalized domain names (xn-- prefix).
TTL (Time To Live)
DNS record value specifying cache duration in seconds.
Anycast DNS
Network method routing DNS queries to the nearest of multiple servers.
DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH)
Protocol encrypting DNS queries over HTTPS for privacy.
DNS-over-TLS (DoT)
Protocol encrypting DNS queries over TLS on port 853.
डेटा एस्क्रो
ICANN-required backup of registration data with a trusted third party.
DNS प्रसार
Time for DNS changes to spread across all resolvers worldwide.
वाइल्डकार्ड DNS रिकॉर्ड
DNS record using * to match all undefined subdomains.
ग्लू रिकॉर्ड
A/AAAA record in parent zone preventing circular nameserver dependencies.
RFC (टिप्पणियों के लिए अनुरोध)
IETF formal document defining internet protocols and standards.
IDNA (अनुप्रयोगों में अंतर्राष्ट्रीयकृत डोमेन नाम)
Technical framework governing how international characters are validated and encoded in domain names.
WHOIS प्रोटोकॉल
Plain-text domain lookup protocol on TCP port 43, being replaced by RDAP.
DNS-over-QUIC (DoQ)
DNS encryption over QUIC (UDP port 853), offering lower latency than DoH or DoT.
ECS (EDNS क्लाइंट सबनेट)
DNS extension sharing partial client IP with authoritative servers for geolocation-based responses.
TSIG (ट्रांजेक्शन सिग्नेचर)
Shared-secret HMAC mechanism authenticating DNS messages between servers.
AXFR / IXFR (जोन ट्रांसफर)
Protocol for replicating DNS zone data from primary to secondary nameservers.
NSEC / NSEC3 (DNSSEC अस्तित्व अस्वीकृति)
DNSSEC record types cryptographically proving a domain name does not exist.
DNSKEY रिकॉर्ड
DNS record holding the public key used to verify DNSSEC signatures in a zone.
RRSIG रिकॉर्ड
Cryptographic signature record attached to DNS record sets for DNSSEC validation.