否定缓存(NXDOMAIN)
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否定缓存是[[recursive-dns|递归解析器]]存储否定DNS响应的行为——最常见的是NXDOMAIN("域名不存在")和NODATA答案——如RFC 2308所定义。当解析器查询不存在的域名并收到NXDOMAIN响应时,它会在[[soa-record|SOA记录]]最小TTL字段指定的时间内缓存这一否定结果,防止对同一不存在名称重复发起上游查询。否定缓存减少了在输入错误风暴或定向查询洪水期间[[authoritative-dns|权威服务器]]的负载。否定[[ttl|TTL]]通常比肯定记录TTL短,通常设置在60到3600秒之间。
示例
If a resolver queries for mispeld.example.com and receives NXDOMAIN, it caches that negative answer for the SOA minimum TTL (e.g., 300 seconds), returning the cached NXDOMAIN instantly to any client asking for the same name within that window.